High-pressure LPG Cylinder is a storage device that designed for the storing and transporting of liquefied petroleum gas. High-pressure LPG cylinder has a huge variety of uses, most significantly domestic use. It is suitable for both indoor and outdoor use, including caravans, camping and barbecues. Moreover, it is employed across many different sectors such as transportation, hot air balloons, construction, recreation, hospitality, agricultural, calefaction and fishing.
According to our latest study, the global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market size was valued at USD 2625.9 million in 2022 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 3285.6 million by 2029 with a CAGR of 3.3% during review period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
In North America, High-pressure LPG Cylinder key players include Worthington Industries, Luxfer Gas Cylinders, Manchester Tank, etc. Global top three manufacturers hold a share about 80%. In terms of product, LPG Steel Cylinder is the largest segment, with a share over 90%. And in terms of application, the largest application is Kitchen and Domestic Use, followed by Automotive Use and other.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis for global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are presented by manufacturers, by region & country, by Type and by Application. As the market is constantly changing, this report explores the competition, supply and demand trends, as well as key factors that contribute to its changing demands across many markets. Company profiles and product examples of selected competitors, along with market share estimates of some of the selected leaders for the year 2023, are provided.
Key Features:
Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market size and forecasts, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market size and forecasts by region and country, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market size and forecasts, by Type and by Application, in consumption value ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and average selling prices (US$/Unit), 2018-2029
Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market shares of main players, shipments in revenue ($ Million), sales quantity (K Units), and ASP (US$/Unit), 2018-2023
The Primary Objectives in This Report Are:
To determine the size of the total market opportunity of global and key countries
To assess the growth potential for High-pressure LPG Cylinder
To forecast future growth in each product and end-use market
To assess competitive factors affecting the marketplace
This report profiles key players in the global High-pressure LPG Cylinder market based on the following parameters - company overview, production, value, price, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments. Key companies covered as a part of this study include Worthington Industries, Hebei Baigong, Sahamitr Pressure Container, Mauria Udyog and Manchester Tank, etc.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Market Segmentation
High-pressure LPG Cylinder market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2018-2029, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of volume and value. This analysis can help you expand your business by targeting qualified niche markets.
Market segment by Type
LPG Steel Cylinder
LPG Composite Cylinder
Others
Market segment by Application
Kitchen & Domestic
Automotive
Major players covered
Worthington Industries
Hebei Baigong
Sahamitr Pressure Container
Mauria Udyog
Manchester Tank
Aygaz
Jiangsu Minsheng
Butagaz
Bhiwadi Cylinders
EVAS
Hexagon Ragasco
Faber Industrie
Chemet
MetalMate
VÍTKOVICE
Luxfer Gas Cylinders
SAHUWALA CYLINDERS
Guangdong Yingquan
MBG
Aburi Composites
PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA
Market segment by region, regional analysis covers
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Rest of South America)
Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, South Africa, and Rest of Middle East & Africa)
The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:
Chapter 1, to describe High-pressure LPG Cylinder product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of High-pressure LPG Cylinder, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of High-pressure LPG Cylinder from 2018 to 2023.
Chapter 3, the High-pressure LPG Cylinder competitive situation, sales quantity, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the High-pressure LPG Cylinder breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales quantity, consumption value and growth by regions, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 5 and 6, to segment the sales by Type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2018 to 2029.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales quantity, consumption value and market share for key countries in the world, from 2017 to 2022.and High-pressure LPG Cylinder market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2024 to 2029.
Chapter 12, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends, Porters Five Forces analysis, and Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War.
Chapter 13, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of High-pressure LPG Cylinder.
Chapter 14 and 15, to describe High-pressure LPG Cylinder sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion.
The base year for the study has been considered 2019, historic year 2014 and 2018, the forecast period considered is from 2020 to 2027. The regions analyzed for the market include North America, Europe, South America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East and Africa. These regions are further analyzed at the country-level. The study also includes attractiveness analysis of type, application and regions which are benchmarked based on their market size, growth rate and attractiveness in terms of present and future opportunity for understanding the future growth of the market.
Market is segmented on the basis:
The report offers in-depth analysis of driving factors, opportunities, restraints, and challenges for gaining the key insight of the market. The report emphasizes on all the key trends that play a vital role in the enlargement of the market from 2019 to 2026.
The report provides company profile of the key players operating in the market and a comparative analysis based on their business overviews industry offering, segment market share, regional presence, business strategies, innovations, mergers & acquisitions, recent developments, joint venture, collaborations, partnerships, SWOT analysis, and key financial information.
1 Market Overview
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of High-pressure LPG Cylinder
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Market Analysis by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Type: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.3.2 LPG Steel Cylinder
1.3.3 LPG Composite Cylinder
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Market Analysis by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Application: 2018 Versus 2022 Versus 2029
1.4.2 Kitchen & Domestic
1.4.3 Automotive
1.5 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size & Forecast
1.5.1 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.5.2 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (2018-2029)
1.5.3 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price (2018-2029)
2 Manufacturers Profiles
2.1 Worthington Industries
2.1.1 Worthington Industries Details
2.1.2 Worthington Industries Major Business
2.1.3 Worthington Industries High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.1.4 Worthington Industries High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.1.5 Worthington Industries Recent Developments/Updates
2.2 Hebei Baigong
2.2.1 Hebei Baigong Details
2.2.2 Hebei Baigong Major Business
2.2.3 Hebei Baigong High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.2.4 Hebei Baigong High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.2.5 Hebei Baigong Recent Developments/Updates
2.3 Sahamitr Pressure Container
2.3.1 Sahamitr Pressure Container Details
2.3.2 Sahamitr Pressure Container Major Business
2.3.3 Sahamitr Pressure Container High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.3.4 Sahamitr Pressure Container High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.3.5 Sahamitr Pressure Container Recent Developments/Updates
2.4 Mauria Udyog
2.4.1 Mauria Udyog Details
2.4.2 Mauria Udyog Major Business
2.4.3 Mauria Udyog High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.4.4 Mauria Udyog High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.4.5 Mauria Udyog Recent Developments/Updates
2.5 Manchester Tank
2.5.1 Manchester Tank Details
2.5.2 Manchester Tank Major Business
2.5.3 Manchester Tank High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.5.4 Manchester Tank High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.5.5 Manchester Tank Recent Developments/Updates
2.6 Aygaz
2.6.1 Aygaz Details
2.6.2 Aygaz Major Business
2.6.3 Aygaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.6.4 Aygaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.6.5 Aygaz Recent Developments/Updates
2.7 Jiangsu Minsheng
2.7.1 Jiangsu Minsheng Details
2.7.2 Jiangsu Minsheng Major Business
2.7.3 Jiangsu Minsheng High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.7.4 Jiangsu Minsheng High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.7.5 Jiangsu Minsheng Recent Developments/Updates
2.8 Butagaz
2.8.1 Butagaz Details
2.8.2 Butagaz Major Business
2.8.3 Butagaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.8.4 Butagaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.8.5 Butagaz Recent Developments/Updates
2.9 Bhiwadi Cylinders
2.9.1 Bhiwadi Cylinders Details
2.9.2 Bhiwadi Cylinders Major Business
2.9.3 Bhiwadi Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.9.4 Bhiwadi Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.9.5 Bhiwadi Cylinders Recent Developments/Updates
2.10 EVAS
2.10.1 EVAS Details
2.10.2 EVAS Major Business
2.10.3 EVAS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.10.4 EVAS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.10.5 EVAS Recent Developments/Updates
2.11 Hexagon Ragasco
2.11.1 Hexagon Ragasco Details
2.11.2 Hexagon Ragasco Major Business
2.11.3 Hexagon Ragasco High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.11.4 Hexagon Ragasco High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.11.5 Hexagon Ragasco Recent Developments/Updates
2.12 Faber Industrie
2.12.1 Faber Industrie Details
2.12.2 Faber Industrie Major Business
2.12.3 Faber Industrie High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.12.4 Faber Industrie High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.12.5 Faber Industrie Recent Developments/Updates
2.13 Chemet
2.13.1 Chemet Details
2.13.2 Chemet Major Business
2.13.3 Chemet High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.13.4 Chemet High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.13.5 Chemet Recent Developments/Updates
2.14 MetalMate
2.14.1 MetalMate Details
2.14.2 MetalMate Major Business
2.14.3 MetalMate High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.14.4 MetalMate High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.14.5 MetalMate Recent Developments/Updates
2.15 VÍTKOVICE
2.15.1 VÍTKOVICE Details
2.15.2 VÍTKOVICE Major Business
2.15.3 VÍTKOVICE High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.15.4 VÍTKOVICE High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.15.5 VÍTKOVICE Recent Developments/Updates
2.16 Luxfer Gas Cylinders
2.16.1 Luxfer Gas Cylinders Details
2.16.2 Luxfer Gas Cylinders Major Business
2.16.3 Luxfer Gas Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.16.4 Luxfer Gas Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.16.5 Luxfer Gas Cylinders Recent Developments/Updates
2.17 SAHUWALA CYLINDERS
2.17.1 SAHUWALA CYLINDERS Details
2.17.2 SAHUWALA CYLINDERS Major Business
2.17.3 SAHUWALA CYLINDERS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.17.4 SAHUWALA CYLINDERS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.17.5 SAHUWALA CYLINDERS Recent Developments/Updates
2.18 Guangdong Yingquan
2.18.1 Guangdong Yingquan Details
2.18.2 Guangdong Yingquan Major Business
2.18.3 Guangdong Yingquan High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.18.4 Guangdong Yingquan High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.18.5 Guangdong Yingquan Recent Developments/Updates
2.19 MBG
2.19.1 MBG Details
2.19.2 MBG Major Business
2.19.3 MBG High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.19.4 MBG High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.19.5 MBG Recent Developments/Updates
2.20 Aburi Composites
2.20.1 Aburi Composites Details
2.20.2 Aburi Composites Major Business
2.20.3 Aburi Composites High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.20.4 Aburi Composites High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.20.5 Aburi Composites Recent Developments/Updates
2.21 PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA
2.21.1 PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA Details
2.21.2 PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA Major Business
2.21.3 PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
2.21.4 PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity, Average Price, Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
2.21.5 PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA Recent Developments/Updates
3 Competitive Environment: High-pressure LPG Cylinder by Manufacturer
3.1 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.2 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.3 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023)
3.4 Market Share Analysis (2022)
3.4.1 Producer Shipments of High-pressure LPG Cylinder by Manufacturer Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
3.4.2 Top 3 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.4.2 Top 6 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Manufacturer Market Share in 2022
3.5 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.5.1 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market: Region Footprint
3.5.2 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.5.3 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.6 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.7 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 Consumption Analysis by Region
4.1 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size by Region
4.1.1 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.2 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
4.1.3 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Region (2018-2029)
4.2 North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.3 Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.4 Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.5 South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029)
4.6 Middle East and Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029)
5 Market Segment by Type
5.1 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
5.2 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Type (2018-2029)
5.3 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Type (2018-2029)
6 Market Segment by Application
6.1 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
6.2 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Application (2018-2029)
6.3 Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Application (2018-2029)
7 North America
7.1 North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
7.3 North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size by Country
7.3.1 North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.2 North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
7.3.3 United States Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.4 Canada Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
7.3.5 Mexico Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8 Europe
8.1 Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
8.2 Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size by Country
8.3.1 Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.2 Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
8.3.3 Germany Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.4 France Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.5 United Kingdom Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.6 Russia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
8.3.7 Italy Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9 Asia-Pacific
9.1 Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
9.2 Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
9.3 Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size by Region
9.3.1 Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.2 Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2018-2029)
9.3.3 China Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.4 Japan Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.5 Korea Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.6 India Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.7 Southeast Asia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
9.3.8 Australia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10 South America
10.1 South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
10.2 South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
10.3 South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size by Country
10.3.1 South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.2 South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
10.3.3 Brazil Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
10.3.4 Argentina Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11 Middle East & Africa
11.1 Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2029)
11.2 Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2029)
11.3 Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Size by Country
11.3.1 Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.2 Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2029)
11.3.3 Turkey Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.4 Egypt Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.5 Saudi Arabia Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
11.3.6 South Africa Market Size and Forecast (2018-2029)
12 Market Dynamics
12.1 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Drivers
12.2 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Restraints
12.3 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Trends Analysis
12.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
12.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
12.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
12.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
12.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
12.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
12.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
12.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
13 Raw Material and Industry Chain
13.1 Raw Material of High-pressure LPG Cylinder and Key Manufacturers
13.2 Manufacturing Costs Percentage of High-pressure LPG Cylinder
13.3 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Production Process
13.4 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Industrial Chain
14 Shipments by Distribution Channel
14.1 Sales Channel
14.1.1 Direct to End-User
14.1.2 Distributors
14.2 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Typical Distributors
14.3 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Typical Customers
15 Research Findings and Conclusion
16 Appendix
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Process and Data Source
16.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
Table 1. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 2. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 3. Worthington Industries Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 4. Worthington Industries Major Business
Table 5. Worthington Industries High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 6. Worthington Industries High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 7. Worthington Industries Recent Developments/Updates
Table 8. Hebei Baigong Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 9. Hebei Baigong Major Business
Table 10. Hebei Baigong High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 11. Hebei Baigong High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 12. Hebei Baigong Recent Developments/Updates
Table 13. Sahamitr Pressure Container Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 14. Sahamitr Pressure Container Major Business
Table 15. Sahamitr Pressure Container High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 16. Sahamitr Pressure Container High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 17. Sahamitr Pressure Container Recent Developments/Updates
Table 18. Mauria Udyog Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 19. Mauria Udyog Major Business
Table 20. Mauria Udyog High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 21. Mauria Udyog High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 22. Mauria Udyog Recent Developments/Updates
Table 23. Manchester Tank Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 24. Manchester Tank Major Business
Table 25. Manchester Tank High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 26. Manchester Tank High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 27. Manchester Tank Recent Developments/Updates
Table 28. Aygaz Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 29. Aygaz Major Business
Table 30. Aygaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 31. Aygaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 32. Aygaz Recent Developments/Updates
Table 33. Jiangsu Minsheng Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 34. Jiangsu Minsheng Major Business
Table 35. Jiangsu Minsheng High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 36. Jiangsu Minsheng High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 37. Jiangsu Minsheng Recent Developments/Updates
Table 38. Butagaz Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 39. Butagaz Major Business
Table 40. Butagaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 41. Butagaz High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 42. Butagaz Recent Developments/Updates
Table 43. Bhiwadi Cylinders Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 44. Bhiwadi Cylinders Major Business
Table 45. Bhiwadi Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 46. Bhiwadi Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 47. Bhiwadi Cylinders Recent Developments/Updates
Table 48. EVAS Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 49. EVAS Major Business
Table 50. EVAS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 51. EVAS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 52. EVAS Recent Developments/Updates
Table 53. Hexagon Ragasco Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 54. Hexagon Ragasco Major Business
Table 55. Hexagon Ragasco High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 56. Hexagon Ragasco High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 57. Hexagon Ragasco Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Faber Industrie Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 59. Faber Industrie Major Business
Table 60. Faber Industrie High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 61. Faber Industrie High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 62. Faber Industrie Recent Developments/Updates
Table 63. Chemet Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 64. Chemet Major Business
Table 65. Chemet High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 66. Chemet High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 67. Chemet Recent Developments/Updates
Table 68. MetalMate Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 69. MetalMate Major Business
Table 70. MetalMate High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 71. MetalMate High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 72. MetalMate Recent Developments/Updates
Table 73. VÍTKOVICE Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 74. VÍTKOVICE Major Business
Table 75. VÍTKOVICE High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 76. VÍTKOVICE High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 77. VÍTKOVICE Recent Developments/Updates
Table 78. Luxfer Gas Cylinders Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 79. Luxfer Gas Cylinders Major Business
Table 80. Luxfer Gas Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 81. Luxfer Gas Cylinders High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 82. Luxfer Gas Cylinders Recent Developments/Updates
Table 83. SAHUWALA CYLINDERS Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 84. SAHUWALA CYLINDERS Major Business
Table 85. SAHUWALA CYLINDERS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 86. SAHUWALA CYLINDERS High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 87. SAHUWALA CYLINDERS Recent Developments/Updates
Table 88. Guangdong Yingquan Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 89. Guangdong Yingquan Major Business
Table 90. Guangdong Yingquan High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 91. Guangdong Yingquan High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 92. Guangdong Yingquan Recent Developments/Updates
Table 93. MBG Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 94. MBG Major Business
Table 95. MBG High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 96. MBG High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 97. MBG Recent Developments/Updates
Table 98. Aburi Composites Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 99. Aburi Composites Major Business
Table 100. Aburi Composites High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 101. Aburi Composites High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 102. Aburi Composites Recent Developments/Updates
Table 103. PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
Table 104. PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA Major Business
Table 105. PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA High-pressure LPG Cylinder Product and Services
Table 106. PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (K Units), Average Price (US$/Unit), Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 107. PT PRAJAMITA INTERNUSA Recent Developments/Updates
Table 108. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 109. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 110. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Manufacturer (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 111. Market Position of Manufacturers in High-pressure LPG Cylinder, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Consumption Value in 2022
Table 112. Head Office and High-pressure LPG Cylinder Production Site of Key Manufacturer
Table 113. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 114. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 115. High-pressure LPG Cylinder New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
Table 116. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
Table 117. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 118. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 119. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 120. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 121. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Region (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 122. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Region (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 123. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 124. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 125. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 126. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 127. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Type (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 128. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Type (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 129. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 130. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 131. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 132. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 133. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Application (2018-2023) & (US$/Unit)
Table 134. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Application (2024-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Table 135. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 136. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 137. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 138. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 139. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 140. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 141. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 142. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 143. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 144. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 145. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 146. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 147. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 148. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 149. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 150. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 151. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 152. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 153. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 154. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 155. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 156. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 157. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 158. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 159. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 160. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 161. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 162. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 163. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 164. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Country (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 165. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 166. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Country (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 167. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 168. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Type (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 169. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 170. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Application (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 171. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2018-2023) & (K Units)
Table 172. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity by Region (2024-2029) & (K Units)
Table 173. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 174. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 175. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Raw Material
Table 176. Key Manufacturers of High-pressure LPG Cylinder Raw Materials
Table 177. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Typical Distributors
Table 178. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Typical Customers
List of Figures
Figure 1. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Picture
Figure 2. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 3. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 4. LPG Steel Cylinder Examples
Figure 5. LPG Composite Cylinder Examples
Figure 6. Others Examples
Figure 7. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 8. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 9. Kitchen & Domestic Examples
Figure 10. Automotive Examples
Figure 11. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 12. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Forecast (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 13. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity (2018-2029) & (K Units)
Figure 14. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 15. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Manufacturer in 2022
Figure 16. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Manufacturer in 2022
Figure 17. Producer Shipments of High-pressure LPG Cylinder by Manufacturer Sales Quantity ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2021
Figure 18. Top 3 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2022
Figure 19. Top 6 High-pressure LPG Cylinder Manufacturer (Consumption Value) Market Share in 2022
Figure 20. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 21. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 22. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 23. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 24. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 25. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 26. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 27. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 28. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 29. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Type (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 30. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 31. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 32. Global High-pressure LPG Cylinder Average Price by Application (2018-2029) & (US$/Unit)
Figure 33. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 34. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 35. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 36. North America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 37. United States High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 38. Canada High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 39. Mexico High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 40. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 41. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 42. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 43. Europe High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 44. Germany High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 45. France High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 46. United Kingdom High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 47. Russia High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 48. Italy High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 49. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 50. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 51. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 52. Asia-Pacific High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 53. China High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 54. Japan High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 55. Korea High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 56. India High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 57. Southeast Asia High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 58. Australia High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 59. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 60. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 61. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 62. South America High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2018-2029)
Figure 63. Brazil High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. Argentina High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 65. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 66. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
Figure 67. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Sales Quantity Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 68. Middle East & Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 69. Turkey High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 70. Egypt High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 71. Saudi Arabia High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 72. South Africa High-pressure LPG Cylinder Consumption Value and Growth Rate (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 73. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Drivers
Figure 74. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Restraints
Figure 75. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Market Trends
Figure 76. Porters Five Forces Analysis
Figure 77. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of High-pressure LPG Cylinder in 2022
Figure 78. Manufacturing Process Analysis of High-pressure LPG Cylinder
Figure 79. High-pressure LPG Cylinder Industrial Chain
Figure 80. Sales Quantity Channel: Direct to End-User vs Distributors
Figure 81. Direct Channel Pros & Cons
Figure 82. Indirect Channel Pros & Cons
Figure 83. Methodology
Figure 84. Research Process and Data Source